Heat Values of various fuels
5 March 2010
| |
Heat value |
% carbon |
CO2 |
| Hydrogen |
121 MJ/kg |
0 |
0 |
| Petrol/gasoline |
44-46 MJ/kg |
|
|
| |
32 MJ/l |
|
|
| Diesel fuel |
45 MJ/kg |
|
|
| |
39 MJ/l |
|
|
| Crude oil |
42-44 MJ/kg |
89 |
70-73 g/MJ |
| |
37-39 MJ/l |
|
|
| Methanol |
20 MJ/kg |
37 |
|
| |
18 MJ/L |
|
|
| Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) |
49 MJ/kg |
81 |
59 g/MJ |
| Natural gas (UK, USA, Australia) |
38-39 MJ/m3 |
76 |
51 g/MJ |
| Natural gas (Canada) |
37 MJ/m3 |
|
|
| Natural gas (Russia) |
34 MJ/m3 |
|
|
| Natural gas as LNG (Australia) |
55 MJ/kg |
|
|
| Hard black coal (IEA definition) |
>23.9 MJ/kg |
|
|
| Hard black coal (Australia & Canada) |
c 25.5 MJ/kg |
67 |
90 g/MJ |
| Sub-bituminous coal (IEA definition) |
17.4-23.9 MJ/kg |
|
|
| Sub-bituminous coal (Australia & Canada) |
c 18 MJ/kg |
|
|
| Lignite/brown coal (IEA definition) |
<17.4 MJ/kg |
| Lignite/brown coal (Australia, electricity) |
c 10 MJ/kg |
25 |
1.25 kg/kWh |
| Firewood (dry) |
16 MJ/kg |
42 |
94 g/MJ |
| Natural uranium, in LWR (normal reactor) |
500 GJ/kg |
0 |
0 |
| Natural uranium, in LWR with U & Pu recycle |
650 GJ/kg |
0 |
0 |
| Natural uranium, in FNR |
28,000 GJ/kg |
0 |
0 |
| Uranium enriched to 3.5%, in LWR |
3900 GJ/kg |
0 |
0 |
Uranium figures are based on 45,000 MWd/t burn-up of 3.5% enriched U in LWR
MJ = 106 Joule, GJ = 109 J;
% carbon is by mass; mass CO2 = 3.667 mass C
MJ to kWh @ 33% efficiency: x 0.0926
One tonne of oil equivalent (toe) is equal to 41.868 GJ
Sources
OECD/IEA Electricity Information 2008, for coal;
Australian Energy Consumption and Production, historical trends and projections, ABARE Research Report 1999.